Northern Ireland (UK): Antrim, Armagh, Down, Derry-Londonderry, Fermanagh, Tyrone. 1584 – General boundaries of the counties of Ulster created by the Lord Deputy of Ireland Sir John Perrott. The two-tier county/district system was replaced with a single-tier of "districts", numbering 26 in 1973 and rationalised into 11 in 2015. Republicans, particularly supporters of the Provisional IRA referred to the conflict as ‘the war’, and portrayed it as a guerrilla war of … Northern Ireland is divided into six former local government divisions called counties, namely: Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry and Tyrone. The other regional language is Ulster Scots, a variation of English which is spoken in Northern Ireland and is similar to Scots spoken in Scotland. Significant differences in political views between … During the 18th century, rising Scots resentment over religious, political and economic issues fueled their emigration to the American colonies, beginning in 1717 and continuing up to the 1770s. The six counties were also used as postal counties by the Royal Mail for sorting purposes until their abolition in 1996. Baronies are now obsolete as administrative units, partially derived from the territory of an Irish chieftain. The six administrative counties and two county boroughs remain in use for some purposes, including car number plates. Secondly, the six counties in Northern Ireland had a protestant majority and did not wish to join the largely Catholic Republic. Administrative geography of the United Kingdom, Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan counties, List of administrative divisions by country, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Counties_of_Northern_Ireland&oldid=998321360, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Grand jury (to 1898) / County council (1899–1973), In 1549, Ulster itself was called a county containing the baronies of, 308,645 = 304,526 county Antrim + 4118.93 part of Belfast (all wards except Ormeau, Pottinger, Victoria), 248,905 = 246,624 county Down + 2281.23 part of Belfast (Ormeau, Pottinger, Victoria wards), 905.29 hectares of Belfast tidal area is excluded from both counties, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 21:24. [25] The terms of surrender granted to the rebels were considered generous at the time.[26]. This name had the advantage that it did not attach blame to any of the participants and thus could be used neutrally. [56] Historian Gerard Farrell writes that the plantation stoked a "smoldering resentment" among the Irish, who believed they had been "unfairly dispossessed of their lands by force and legal chicanery". [39] Secondly, the majority of the Gaelic Irish remained in their native areas, but were now only allowed worse land than before the plantation. Each county is divided into a number of baronies, midway between a county and a parish. Another wave of Scottish immigration to Ulster took place in the 1690s, when tens of thousands of Scots fled a famine (1696–1698) in the border region of Scotland. Ireland is divided into geographic regions called counties. [69], Despite the fact that Scottish Presbyterians strongly supported the Williamites in the Williamite war in Ireland in the 1690s, they were excluded from power in the postwar settlement by the Anglican Protestant Ascendancy. [52][page needed], The reaction of the native Irish to the plantation was generally hostile. Chichester wrote in 1610 that the native Irish in Ulster were "generally discontented, and repine greatly at their fortunes, and the small quantity of land left to them". One was the wish to make sure the settlement could not be destroyed by rebellion as the first Munster Plantation had been in the Nine Years' War. [61] The initial leader of the rebellion, Felim O'Neill, had actually been a beneficiary of the Plantation land grants. The remaining Irish landowners were to be granted one quarter of the land in Ulster. [42], However, the Plantation remained threatened by the attacks of bandits, known as "wood-kern", who were often Irish soldiers or dispossessed landowners. The second major influence on the Plantation was the negotiation among various interest groups on the British side. By the 1630s, there were 20,000 adult male British settlers in Ulster, which meant that the total settler population could have been as high as 80,000. North Ireland is not part of the republic of Ireland 1. The original partition based on the current six counties of Northern was drawn up under Lloyd George's Government of Ireland Act 1920 selected the boundaries of Northern Ireland as "the maximum area within which Unionists could be expected to have a safe majority". "Gaelic Catholicism and the Plantation of Ulster", in, Brian MacCuarta,Age of Atrocity p155, Canny p177, Micheal O Siochru, God's Executioner, Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland, pp99, 128, 144, Karen Cullen, Famine in Scotland: The 'Ill Years' of the 1690s, p176-179. The Grand Jury representment system would also be based on the barony.[5]. They usually lived close to and even in the same townlands as the settlers and the land they had farmed previously. [31], The plan for the plantation was determined by two factors. The legacy of the Plantation remains disputed. The rebellion prompted Arthur Chichester, the Lord Deputy of Ireland, to plan a much bigger plantation and to expropriate the legal titles of all native landowners in the province. The English and Scottish parliaments then threatened to attack this army. [17] Throughout the 16th century, Ulster was viewed by the English as being "underpopulated" and undeveloped. A.T.Q. 2. There was no such place as Northern Ireland up to then. Later 15th century – Boundaries of counties and lordships (black border) and minor lordships (grey border) in Ulster. Northern Ireland was retained as part of the UK, and the rest of Ireland, became an independent state, and was known as the Irish Free State in 1922, and after 1949, the Republic of Ireland. [71] This however does not take into account the numbers of Catholic British that settled or the amount of natives who adopted Protestantism and a British identity along with settlers who became Catholics and adopted an Irish identity. After the Treaty of Mellifont, the northern chieftains attempted to consolidate their positions, and the English administration attempted to undermine them. There is more cross breeding in Ulster's history than people imagined. Unplanted counties of Northern Ireland: home Rule Bill of 1920 Gill & MacMillan, Dublin 1994, Freedom... The summer of 1642, the reaction of the rebellion, Felim O'Neill, had actually been a beneficiary the... [ 1 ] Each county is divided into a number of alternative names Northern. Administrative units, partially derived from the territory of the four constituent parts of the rebellion, the. The territory of an Irish province [ 64 ], the six counties in Northern Ireland were formed in.! 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